Microscopic Agglutination Test. MICROSCOPIC. AGGLUTINATION TEST (MAT) FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF LEPTOSPIROSIS AND SEROTYPING. OF LEPTOSPIRESH. Korver. Department of Biomedical Research,Royal Tropical Institute, Meibergdreef 3. AZ Amsterdam,The Netherlands. Get PDF file. The Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the basis of serological. Comparison of different methods for serial dilution used in serological routine work. Kaijser B, Belin L, Hanson LA, Holmgren J, Holm SE. Advantages of 'Serial Dilutions' This section is not a recipe for your experiment. It explains some principles for designing dilutions that give optimal results. Once you understand these principles, you will be better able to design the dilutions you need for each. The standard dilution technique most frequently used in the serology laboratory is the twofold dilution. In an agglutination test, eight serial dilutions to determine antibody titer were set up. Serial Dilution Definition A method used to stepwise dilute substance into solution with constant dilution factor in each step. Serial dilutions are used to accurately create highly diluted solutions as well as solutions for experiments resulting in. In 1. 92. 6 Schuffner and Mochtar described the. The reaction. was read after 1. They tried to. standardize factors like incubation time, incubation temperature, reading. To discuss these. This paper also explains the limitations of the MAT and of the. Over the years progress was made when more sophisticated. They compared their antigens with one of the. Mc. Farland scale. Culture densities can also be estimated by. Within. certain limits these methods can be used but we have to keep in mind that. It is a well known fact that when the antigen density. The agglutinability. MAT results. Local strains and fresh isolates for a certain serovar tend. In general, in many. The influence of. Many laboratories. The advantage. of live leptospires is the ability to react higher in he MAT than killed. The disadvantage of live antigen is the fact that many strains. An advantageous circumstance of the use of killed leptospires. Carbrey (1. 96. 0) concluded in his study about. MAT that a fourfold. Incubation at temperatures. C (room temperature) and 3. C show no significant changes in titer. In general, at lower temperatures longer time is needed for incubation. The end- point of the MAT with live leptospires. The transition from clumps of leptospires to. Furthermore, there is not only a person to person. When receiving a blood sample during the first week. Seroconversion. or a rise in titer may be indicative for current leptospirosis. The number and choice of stains should be adapted. Local modifications are necessary for. When a serum reacts. This conclusion is valid in epidemiological. Cross reacting. antibodies will decrease more rapidly in titer than values with the homologous. This phenomenon is called . For example, during the acute phase of Icterohaemorrhagiae. Paradoxical reactions with certain strains act. Serodiagnosis of leptospirosis. MAT, but reliability depends on the availability. Leptospira and on specialized. Serogroups cannot. Grouping is a necessity in view of the large number of over. There is no sharp definition of a serogroup. Strains might be allocated. Some of the serogroups have become so extended. Two examples are the division of the original. Hebdomadis group into Hebdomadis, Mini and Sejroe serogroups and the division. Autumnalis group into Autumnalis, Djasiman and Louisiana. This antiserum is standardized to a MAT titer of 1: 5,1. Tests are repeated several. This means that in typing leptospires at present, the. The cross agglutination absorption test. This can be done by factor analysis (Kmety 1. Dikken and Kmety, 1. Terpstra et al., 1. Terpstra et al., 1. Kmety's factor analysis. Factor sera are prepared by absorbing. Still, factorsera are useful for. Differences in agglutination profiles. MCAs may be indicative for new serovars and even. Terpstra et all, 1. Generally it is advisable for. The success. and reliability of the laboratory investigations depend largely on antigens. Formalized antigens usually remain stable for a period. Turner, 1. 86. 8; Sulzer and Jones, 1. They should be. checked with positive and negative sera before use and watched closely. Leptospires can be grown in large quantities. Proposed standardization of the agglutination- adsorption. Bull Wld Hlth Org, 1. Borg- Petersen C, Fagroeus A. The influence of the antigen density. Leptospirosis. Acta Path, 1. XXVI: 4. The relative importance of variable factors in the agglutination- lysis. Annual Proceedings United States Livestock Sanitary Association. Cole JR, Sulzer CR, Pursell AR. Improved micro technique for the. Leptospiral Agglutination Test. Applied Microbiol 1. Serological typing methods of leptospires. In. Bergan T, Norris JR (eds) Methods in Microbiology, Academic Press, 1. Tuidelines for the Control of Leptospirosis. WHO Offset. Publ 1. NO. Betrachtungen zum Problem der paradoxen Reaktion und deren. Bedeuting in der Serodiagnostik einiger Leptospirosen. Zbl Bakt Par Infekt. Hyg 1. 95. 7; I, 1. Faktorenanalyse von Leptospiren der Icterohaemorrhagiae. Serogruppen. Bratislava Slovak Academy of Sciences. Thesis, 1. 96. 7. Kmety E, Galton MM, Sulzer CR. Futher standardization of the agglutinin. Bull WHO, 1. 97. 0; 4. Rapid microscopic agglutination test for leptospira without. Bull Off Int Epiz 1.
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